An overview of syndromic orofacial CLEFT in combined CLEFT clinic Universiti Malaya from 2000 – 2020 / Devi Aulia Aidil

Devi Aulia , Aidil (2024) An overview of syndromic orofacial CLEFT in combined CLEFT clinic Universiti Malaya from 2000 – 2020 / Devi Aulia Aidil. Masters thesis, Universiti Malaya.

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Abstract

Introduction: Syndromic orofacial cleft is not a typical encounter and poses significant challenges to clinicians in regard to the patient’s management due to underlying comorbidities. Objectives: This study aims to describe the prevalence of syndromes and congenital anomalies associated with orofacial cleft, to determine the types of cleft associated with syndromic and nonsyndromic orofacial cleft patients, to compare the treatment timeline of primary cleft lip and palate repair in syndromic and nonsyndromic orofacial cleft patients with standard guidelines and to determine the complications encountered in managing syndromic orofacial cleft patients. Materials and methods: This is a 20-year retrospective study involving 676 patients. The patient’s clinical data was extracted. Descriptive statistical analysis was conducted to determine the prevalence of different variables. Chi-square and Fisher’s exact test were performed to determine the significant association in the age of primary lip and palate repair of syndromic and nonsyndromic patients. All data were analysed using SPSS version 29. Results: The total number of syndromic patients was 11.4% and nonsyndromic was 88.6%. Unilateral cleft lip and palate (39.4%) is the most common subtype in nonsyndromic orofacial cleft patients. For syndromic orofacial cleft patients, cleft palate (67.5%) is highly prevalent. Pierre Robin sequence (37.66%) is the most common syndrome associated with orofacial cleft. The most common congenital anomaly in orofacial cleft patients is the circulatory system (22.3%). In syndromic patients, face, mouth or teeth anomalies (22.2%) are highly observed. Syndromic orofacial cleft patients have a significant delay in primary lip repair. Most complications of primary repair in syndromic orofacial cleft patients are related to airway issues, pyrexia and bronchopneumonia. Conclusion: The prevalence of syndromes and congenital anomalies in orofacial cleft patients attending Combined Cleft Clinic, Faculty of Dentistry, Universiti Malaya is comparable to previous studies. Routine screening for congenital anomalies is recommended, especially in syndromic orofacial cleft patients. The data on differences in treatment timing for primary repair in syndromic patients can be used as a guide in consultations with parents.

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