Effects of student leadership in a peer-to-peer programme on resiliency, self-efficacy and motivation of undergraduate students in a private university / Christine Wong Siew Kuan

Christine Wong , Siew Kuan (2020) Effects of student leadership in a peer-to-peer programme on resiliency, self-efficacy and motivation of undergraduate students in a private university / Christine Wong Siew Kuan. PhD thesis, Universiti Malaya.

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Abstract

An ongoing concern amongst students in higher education is the ability to do well and succeed academically. One of the main factors in addressing that concern is ensuring a smooth and positive transition for students from high school entering university. Hence, the first-year experience in higher education institution for these students is crucial to help them to manage and cope with the new environment. Peer learning programmes have been proven to help students succeed academically especially for the first-year students. In building that momentum for ultimate academic success, it is also important to note that students need to build their resiliency, self-efficacy and motivation to help them move forward every year and graduate. This study examines the effectiveness of the Peer-to-Peer leaders and the programme in enhancing students’ resiliency, self-efficacy, intrinsic motivation, extrinsic motivation and social motivation of undergraduate students. A total of 303 undergraduate students from a local private university participated in the study. This peer-to-peer (P2P) programme is modeled after the Peer Assisted Study Sessions (PASS) programme from Australia and the Supplemental Instructions (SI) programme from the United States of America. Participation in the programme is voluntary and no students were coerced into joining the programme. From the 303 participants, a total of 223 students participated in the P2P programme while 80 students have chosen not to join in the programme. A quasi experiment was conducted where the student group who took the P2P programme was the treatment group while the student who did not join the P2P was the control group. The analysis was done using SPSS and SmartPLS. The results show that the leadership of the P2P leaders in leading the P2P programme was effective in enhancing students’ knowledge. A split-plot ANOVA (SPANOVA) test was conducted to examine the effect of the treatment intervention (attending the P2P programme) on all the dependent variables where multivariate tests were conducted to determine if the interaction effects of the independent variables were significant. The results of the SPANOVA test show that the scores of post-test for all the dependent variables was significantly higher than the scores of the pre-test, and significant interaction effects occur which concludes that the peer-to-peer programme did indeed have positive effects on resiliency, self-efficacy, intrinsic motivation, extrinsic motivation and social motivation. Besides that, there was also moderating effect of age, study time and parents’ income on the relationship between attending the peer-to-peer programme and resiliency, self-efficacy, intrinsic motivation, extrinsic motivation and social motivation. The study concluded that such peer learning programme is beneficial for undergraduate students especially at the first year at university life to help set the momentum for the academic journey ahead.

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