The social life in Bayt al-Maqdis district from the Ottoman documents 1874-1917 M: A historical analytical study / Marwan Mohammad Hamdan Yousef

Marwan Mohammad , Hamdan Yousef (2018) The social life in Bayt al-Maqdis district from the Ottoman documents 1874-1917 M: A historical analytical study / Marwan Mohammad Hamdan Yousef. PhD thesis, University of Malaya.

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Abstract

This study aims to present the real social life by criticizing, analyzing, and comparing the contents of the reliable resources used to document the history of the social life in the District of Bayt Al-Maqdis during the period( 1874- 1917) AD which is the time of announcing the city as an independent district belonging directly to the Ministry of Inner Affairs in Istanbul, to the time of the British occupation of the city. The clear thing is that there is a huge amount of information which discuss this important era of the city, yet there is a visible contradiction in this information. Zionists tended with the colonizers' support to false the realities which existed during that time to prove the Jews right of the city. As well as to study the nature of the social life existed during this period in relation to the nature of the population. Furthermore, to study the various statistics made in that period, the factors affected the population's decrease or increase, the religions and the nations that lived and existed in the city, the relations among those different religions and nations, the origins of the habitants, the nature of the society with its different classes, the traditions, the customs, the festivals, the nature of the scientific and cultural situation, the most important schools existed in that period and the health status of people. The researcher depended on the historical analytical approach that depended on describing the historical events, then analyzing and discussing these events. This study also relied on the Ottoman archive for extracting information, focusing on the social life that was common in the chosen period. The study concluded that the District of Bayt Al-Maqdis was an active city filled with populations containing different religions and sects, and that the relationship among them was based on tolerance. The Ottoman Empire contributed to the preservation of the coexistence among them and preserved the rights of all without distinction or prejudice. This remained till the beginning of the British colonization that began by implementing Balfour Declaration on the land which was clearly biased towards the Jews, ignoring the reality that existed in the city hundreds of years before- since the Islamic arrival.

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