The efficacy of different type of phototherapy light devices for neonatal jaundice treatment / Mohammad Hanafi Ismail

Mohammad Hanafi , Ismail (2020) The efficacy of different type of phototherapy light devices for neonatal jaundice treatment / Mohammad Hanafi Ismail. Masters thesis, University of Malaya.

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Abstract

It has been reported that 60% of term neonates and 80% of the pre-terms develop jaundice in the first week of life and the proportion of jaundice in Malaysia is on the rise. As phototherapy light is the primary source of treatment for jaundice, it is crucial for hospital to have the best phototherapy light devices which can help to treat jaundice effectively. This would help to shorten neonate patient hospital stay, reduce staff workload as well as increasing treatment capacity of the hospital. Hospitals in Malaysia are using several type of phototherapy devices in their wards. The most commonly found are Light Emitting Diode (LED) and conventional fluorescent light devices. This observational study compares the efficacy of three different types of phototherapy light devices; LED, 6-tubes fluorescent light & 4-tubes fluorescent light in jaundice treatment. Total of 15 term infant subject patients were included and assigned into three groups where 5 patients were treated for each device group. Inclusion criteria for the subject includes term patient, admission weigh of more than 2.5kg and reached total serum bilirubin (TSB) level which need phototherapy treatment. The primary outcome measured was the rate of TSB reduction in jaundice patients within 24 hours period while the secondary outcome measured was the total treatment time needed for every jaundice patient prior to discharge. For primary outcome, results showed the rate of mean TSB reduction for LED is significantly higher than both of the conventional fluorescent light devices (P<0.05). Meanwhile, the rate of mean TSB reduction for both 6-tubes and 4-tubes fluorescent light devices were similar (P>0.05). For secondary outcome, although LED recorded the shortest mean treatment time prior to discharge, there is no significant difference in the mean treatment time between each group of phototherapy light devices (P>0.05). This study concludes that LED phototherapy light device is more efficacient that both type of conventional phototherapy devices; 4-tubes and 6 tubes fluorescent light devices in reducing TSB level of jaundice patient.

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