Application of palm oil clinker as fine aggregate replacement in stone matrix asphalt mix design / Ali Mohammed Ali Babalghaith

Ali Mohammed , Ali Babalghaith (2021) Application of palm oil clinker as fine aggregate replacement in stone matrix asphalt mix design / Ali Mohammed Ali Babalghaith. PhD thesis, Universiti Malaya.

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Abstract

The palm oil industry is growing annually which results in a large number of waste materials that are disposed in landfills. To decrease the adverse effects of the wastes on the environment and to improve several properties of asphalt pavement mixture, conventional aggregate materials in the production of asphalt pavement was replaced with palm oil clinker (POC). This leads to green, sustainable, and preserved nature where the dependency on the aggregates from natural sources can be reduced. This research aimed to investigate the effect of POC as a replacement for fine aggregate utilisation in stone matrix asphalt (SMA) design. Six categories of asphalt mixtures were prepared with different POC content at various levels namely, 0%, 20%, 40%, 60%, 80%, and 100%. To determine the Marshall properties and optimum binder content, asphalt mixture samples with different percentage of asphalt binder content (5.0%, 5.5%, 6.0%, 6.5%, and 7.0%) were prepared. Subsequently, optimum bitumen content was used to prepare other sets of asphalt mixture samples to evaluate the mechanical characteristics of the asphalt mixtures. The mechanical properties of SMA mixtures with different percentages of POC replacement were investigated by analysing the resilient modulus, wheel tracking, dynamic creep, indirect tensile strength, Cantabro durability, and indirect tensile fatigue. The results showed that the POC is suitable as a substitute of fine aggregates in SMA mixture up to 100% and fulfil the mixture specification criteria concerning the Marshall stability, flow, quotient and volumetric properties. However, the percentage of POC substitution of fine aggregates was has merely influenced the optimum binder content. Based on the overall SMA mixture mechanical properties, the POC can be substituted as fine aggregates up to 100%. The suggested POC optimum was 60% where the SMA mixtures showed the best performance. In summary, the use of POC in pavement construction is feasible and can decrease the pollution issue related to mass disposal of POC.

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